The organizational pattern we can identify in the passage attached about Athens and Sparta is:
A. Compare and contrast.
We say a text uses the compare and contrast organizational pattern when it points out similarities or differences between two people, places, things, organizations, etc.
The passage we are analyzing here is comparing and contrasting the cities of Athens and Sparta in Ancient Greece.
The similarity between the two cities is that they both relied on agriculture.
The differences lie in their governing system - Athens was democratic while Sparta was not - and the military service - optional in Athens, mandatory in Sparta.
With the information above in mind, we can conclude that the best option to describe the text is A. Compare and contrast.
